When former Nigerian President,Dr Goodluck Jonathan affirmed a few years back that “corruption is not stealing”, he was crucified and vilified. Perhaps, among other things, that statement cost him the presidency. Also, once upon a time, a former British Prime Minister of Britain referred to Nigeria as “a fantastically corrupt nation”. Angered, by this declaration, many came out to condemn the former Prime Minister’s frank assessment of our country’s corruption status. As if to further validate the truth about the nation’s corruption situation, Nigeria’s National Bureau of Statistics’ recently reported that a total sum of N400 billion is spent on bribes each year since 2015. Wow!. According to Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) for 2014, Nigeria is up eight places to 136 out of 175 countries ranked by the index. As a matter of fact, Nigeria shares the 136th position with well-known corrupt countries like Cameroon, Kyrgyzstan, Iran, and Lebanon.
The CPI ranks countries on a scale from 0 (perceived to be highly corrupt) to 100 (perceived to be very clean). More than two-thirds of the 175 countries surveyed, including Nigeria, scored below 50. Nigeria is clearly not the country with the lowest score on the index (its score was 27%), but according to Transparency International, any country that scores below 50% on the index is still considered “highly corrupt.
Stealing is just one of the branches of corruption just like gynaecology is a branch of medicine. Corruption is an abuse of power; it is the father of stealing. Werlin described corruption as the “diversion of public resources to non-public purposes,” in which the public office holder illegally appropriates public resources for personal use. Earl J. Friedrich called corruption a deviant behaviour associated with selfish gains at the public expense.
In Nigeria, corruption manifests in diverse ways. For instance, it could come in the garb of a policeman demanding for a bribe from offenders or a public official trying to cut corners in awarding a public contract or even a religious leader or body soliciting for a favor from public office holders towards building a mega cathedral. Corruption in Nigeria is a national culture, a way of life that has been endorsed by institutions and supported by all and sundry. It does not matter how you make your money in the country whether you are a drug baron or ex-agitators, traditional rulers would offer you chieftaincy titles, religious leaders will offer you prominent roles and even make prominent mention of your name from time to time as a pillar in the ‘House of God’. Among all countries of the world, the cost of construction of a road in Nigeria is the most expensive. A careful assessment of road projects in Nigeria shows that averagely a kilometre of road costs N1bn. Road projects are also constantly being reviewed with the government increasing the contract sums either biannually or once in five years. A recent report indicates that even in Africa, the cost of constructing roads in Nigeria is far higher than what is spent on constructing roads in other nations on the continent. The minimum wage as at now is #18,000 but our lawmakers are paid huge sums of money that makes other hardworking compatriots cringe.
But the truth is that almost every segment of the country is corrupt. From the least to the greatest, the young to the old, Nigerians have become fantastically corrupt people, almost without conscience. This is why it is sometimes amusing to see so-called analysts and critics always blaming political elite for our corruption status.
The reality on the ground is that almost every professional in the country has one or two things to do with corruption. Teachers in higher institutions either sleep with female students or demand for financial inducement before they could scale through in examinations. Parents connive with officials to procure admission into tertiary institutions for their wards.
Personnel in public hospitals either hoard or illegally sell drugs that are procured by the government for patients. Members of the informal sector such as tailors, mechanics, builders, plumbers, painters etc end up buying inferior materials when they were actually given money for ‘original’ products. And they swear to high heavens that what they have is original. The list is endless. There is also the high incidence of “ghost workers,” in the public service which was estimated at 60,000 in 2014, in addition to 50,000 fictitious workers in 2013. Undaunted by the anti-corruption credentials of the current government, civil servants, in connivance with politicians and crony-contractors, have continued to “pad” the federal budget.
Sadly, in our tertiary institutions of higher learning, where ‘future leaders’ are being produced, the situation is even more alarming as student union election become a bloodbath. Unlike in those days when student unionism was quite vibrant, the reverse is now the case. Student union leaders have somehow mastered the art of corruption more than their seniors across the country. They give phantom awards to the political and economic elite in the country with the sole intent of collecting from the (suspecting?) awardees their own part of the commonwealth. It is that bad. Money is now our God in Nigeria. And unsurprisingly, animals in the country are closely watching. From the look of things, it won’t be long before snakes, monkeys, fowls, lizards and other animals in the country would outdo their human counterparts in the area of undue love and craze for money.
On a serious note, every Nigerian must understand that corrosive effect of corruption on the country as a whole. We need to understand that the current trend of unbridled theft, greed, selfishness and illegal acquisition of wealth would lead us to nowhere. We must take a cue from other countries in the world where common resources are judiciously used for the good of all. For instance, to really drive its economic miracle that has made it the fifth least corrupt country in the world with per capita GDP of $53,053, Singapore made the elimination of corruption from its public service a top priority, kick-start reforms that raised pay, attracted the best hands and punished graft with zero tolerance.
If we want Singapore results in our country, we must be ready to go the Singapore way. We cannot make omelettes without breaking egg; we cannot eradicate corruption without sacrifice. I hope in our generation we will witness the day when we can truly say, “corruption, not in our country”. God bless Nigeria! 